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IGBT Information and Applications
Bus Bar / IGBTs Application Notes An IGBT, Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, is a switching transistor controlled by voltage applied to the gate terminal. Through a variety of tests, it was determined that an ELDRE bus bar has the low inductance characteristics, which are essential for optimum IGBT module operations. These multi-layer bus bars (sometimes referred to by IGBT manufacturers as laminated bus structures) are being recommended by IGBT manufacturers to be used with their products. IGBTs requiring over 200 amps are most effective when used with bus bars.
What is an IBGT? An IGBT module, is an electronic component made up of negative, positive, and neutrally charged silicon materials bonded together. Device operation and structure are similar to those of an Insulated Gate Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor, more commonly known as a MOSFET. The IGBT has one more junction than does the MOSFET, and this junction allows higher blocking voltage and conductivity modulation during conduction. IGBT Modules are expected to take applications away from both MOSFET modules and Bipolar Darlington Modules as they will operate in hard switching applications from 20 KHz and higher in soft switching applications. Also they are expected to service the lower 1 -10KHz range, which are now dominated by Bipolar Transistor Modules, for applications up to 33MW.
Why use a bus bar? Laminated bus bars are very important for the reduction of power circuit inductance with high current IGBT's modules. Laminated bus bars use copper plates separated by dielectric materials and are also externally insulated. Low inductance bus bar designs help reduce transient voltages and control parasitic oscillations. IGBT manufacturers have experimented with many different types of bus layouts, including those designed around complimentary packages made of bare copper, and found laminated bus bars produce the best results. Traditional bare copper bus bars that do not suppress noise, are bulky, have the potential for arcing between plates, and are more costly to assemble will best replaced by the virtues inherent in laminated bus bars.
Applications Laminated bus bars offer a compact packaging solution that is cost effective. We have supplied laminated bus bars for applications in the following markets:
Power Supply Market
Motor Drive Market
Design Considerations For The Bus Bar Eldre Engineering will design the most economical and efficient bus structure for your particular application when you provide the following information:
I. Electrical
II. Mechanical The insulation overlap should be at least equivalent to the overall thickness of the bus bar if it is sealed by laminating only. When the bus bar becomes so thick that it is not possible to seal by laminating, the bus bar can be hermetically sealed by edge filling with epoxy. The insulation overlap should be .200" for a total .400" creepage distance to meet a 2,500 VAC high pot requirement.
III. Environmental - Continuous operating temperature IV. Describe application using as many details as possible, ie. V. Describe any special requirements such as: Thermal; MIL-spec; Noise Immunity; Inductance; Capacitance; Impedance; Resistance; Insulation; Dielectric Strength, UL; etc. VI. Prepare a rough sketch of your requirements for the power distribution system. An Eldre engineer will review this information and work with you to design the correct bus bar for your application.
Conclusion
IGBT modules have been developed to satisfy particular customer needs for higher frequency operation and to provide a "low noise" inverter, operating above the audible range. Additional customer requirements include more precise servomotor controllers and low noise UPS (Uninteruptable Power Supply) systems. These modules require a lower inductance means to distribute power. Eldre offers custom laminated bus bars, which have inherently low inductance to provide optimum performance for switching operations.
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